Septic Systems: An Overview

Understanding Septic Systems

 

• Septic systems are not a self-sufficient solution for wastewater management.
• They require regular maintenance and careful usage.

 

Limitations and Costs

 

• The drain field, costing $12,000 to $15,000+, is designed to fail eventually.
• Advanced wastewater treatment can resolve all septic problems, but at a higher cost.
• Standard septic treatment and maintenance tends to be more economical over time.

 

 

Septic System Function

 

Anaerobic

 

With septic systems we starve our waste from oxygen, creating an anaerobic environment. The usual aerobic microbes that digest waste on the surface cannot process the organic waste in this state.

 

Separation

 

The oxygen-less state means we need other waste management tactics. That's where the septic tank comes in. Here's how it works:

 

• Waste is introduced into the tank, where it breaks down and arranges itself into layers.
• During stagnant periods, the introduced waste either floats or settles.
• Baffles in the tank assist this separation and prevent solids from escaping.
• Regular pumping out of the septic tank removes these layers, maintaining its functional capacity.

 

Filtration

 

The drain field acts like a colossal filter. Here's its process:

 

• Partially treated wastewater, called "effluent" leaves through the septic tank outlet baffle. Though mostly free of solid waste, it is far from clean.
• The drain field removes more organic material from the effluent. Thus, reducing the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) value and allowing the water to be naturally treated in the ground before entering wells and water bodies.

 

Remember: Over time, the organic material will build up and cause "failure" or "malfunction".  Ensuring conservative water usage and prompt service and repairs repairs can greatly lengthen your system's lifespan.

 

 

Other Componants

 

Pumps

 

• Basement pumps are usually "Macerator" pumps - expensive to repair/replace.
• "Effluent" pumps accompany exterior septic systems. More affordable and require less upkeep.
• High water alarm system: It is vital in the pump chamber. If the pump fails, this system will alert you.
• Lifespan: Pumps usually run 10-15 years. But remember, they can fail at any time.

 

Effluent Filtration

 

• Effluent filters help to increase drain field lifespan.
• These filters are generally recommended and sometimes required.
• Maintenance: They require regular service. If neglected, they can cause sewage backup.
• Post-2009 systems require easy-access points for filter service. We recommend risers irrespective of installation date.

 

Disposal Fields

 

• There is a wide variety of drain field products and configurations. Our inspection will tell you what you need to know.

 

Advanced Wastewater Treatment

 

• Advanced technology usually costs more overtime than standard septic treatment or replacment/repairs.
• Since the cost difference is significant, it's generally used in specific situations only.

 

 

For questions or inquiries about septic services, feel free to contact FixME LLC through the provided link below.